O a mea taua aldehydes ma ketones? O le faaaogaina o aldehydes

Tuufaatasi i ai i lona fausaga se vaega carbonyl e aldehydes po ketones. O le aldehydes (RCOH) ua fusia vaega carbonyl i se hydrocarbon māeʻa ma se tasi atomu hydrogen. A leai, e mafai ona e fai mai o nei mea o loo aofia ai aldehyde vaega (-COH), lea e fesootai le nofoaga autu o le carbonyl ma se atomu hydrogen. O le ketones (RCOR '), e lua radicals hydrocarbon fusia i se vaega carbonyl. O le igoa e sau mai le acids aldehyde, lea o le oxidation ua faaliliuina i latou, f.t.t., loi (formaldehyde), ethyl (acetaldehyde), propionaldehyde, butyric, valeric aldehydes. E tusa ai ma nomenclature faava o malo aldehydes taʻua: ethanal, propanal. Igoa o le igoa radicals pepa ketone, lea ua faaopoopo faaiuina ketone. Mo se faataitaiga, dimethyl ketone (acetone), methyl ketone ethyl. Igoa ketone nomenclature faava o malo e oo mai i le faaopoopoga o hydrocarbon -O tapunia, ma o le tulaga o le faapipiiina o le vaega carbonyl faailoa mai se fuainumera, mo se faataitaiga 2-propanone, 2-butanone. Faaaogaina o aldehydes ma ketones, ona o lo latou meatotino faaletino ma vailaau.

taatele Aldehydes i le kemisi faatulagaina. E toatele fragrances ua fesootai i nei mea. Aldehydes maua meatotino lea e eseese ma le faalagolago i luga o le aofia ai māeʻa le molecule. Lower Sui - aldehyde formic - kasa, e mulimuli ane ai - suavai, e maualuga solids. Formaldehyde ma acetaldehyde e lelei soluble i le vai, o le solubility o isi homologs faaitiitia ma le faateleina o le mamafa molecular. aldehydes Formic ma acetic maua se manogi ogaoga. Meatotino ma le faaaogaina o aldehydes tatau ona totogi atu i le afioaga i latou molecule se vaega carbonyl.

Lua i lalo tagata o lenei faasologa homologous i le "faaaogaina o aldehydes" e sili ona taua i le taua alamanuia - o formaldehyde ma acetaldehyde. Formaldehyde ua tuuina i se tulaga tele, e uiga i le 6 miliona. Tone / tausaga. E mafua faaaogaina i le tuuina atu o resins. Saunia e polycondensation o urea , resin urea-formaldehyde manaomia mo le gaosia o alava ma laupapa vaega, foam urea-formaldehyde, mo le faia o pepa susu malosi po paperboard. O le isi faaaogaina taua o aldehyde faavae i luga o le tali mai a formaldehyde ma polycondensation phenol. O le taunuuga o le faagasologa resin formaldehyde phenol (Bakelite) o mea lē mafaatusalia, lea e manaomia i le enisinia o afi, i le gaosia o oloa tau eletise malolosi, i le tuuina atu o lacquers ma adhesives. Saunia mai sauniuniga vailaau formaldehyde (formaldehyde fofo taʻua o formalin, o loo faaaogaina i vailaau), paʻu gaosi, o mea papa ma le tele o isi mea faatulagaina.

Acetaldehyde na avea o le oloa iloga, ae sa i lalo voluma gaosiga, o lenei sa maua e itiiti ifo i le 1 miliona. Tone / tausaga. Muamua, i le faaaogaina acetaldehyde masani sa pei o mea e masani ona maua mo acid acetic. O lenei talosaga e faaitiitia acetaldehyde i tausaga talu ai nei, ona ua tuuina acid acetic sili lelei mai methanol (Monsanto faagasologa ma faagasologa Cativa). Mai le vaaiga o le tali totoʻoga, acetaldehyde o se mea mata taua mo le pogai pyridine o pentaerythritol ma crotonaldehyde. Acetaldehyde manaomia mo le tuuina atu o uga (aoga resins saunia mai urea ma acetaldehyde).

O isi tagata o lenei faasologa homologous foi i manaoga i le maketi. faaaogaina Commercial o aldehydes e masani ona e faaaogaina i latou o mea e masani ona maua mo le tuufaatasia o oxo alcohols faaaogaina i le tuuina atu o detergents. O nisi aldehydes maualuga o loo maua mai i aofaiga laiti (lalo ifo o le 1000 tone / tausaga) ma faaaogaina o se vaega tofo i perfumes. E aofia ai kināmoni ma ona pogai, ma citral lilial.