Acid Adipic. Meatotino ma Talosaga

acid Adipic (o loo i ai se isi igoa mo le mea - acid 1,4-butandikarbonovaya, le suafa faiga - acid geksandiovaya) - Ua le faatapulaaina acid dicarboxylic. O loo i ai le fuafaatatau o vailaau nei: HOOC (CH2) 4SOON ma fua faatatau atoa C6O4H10. O loo i ai le meatotino lava vailaau e pei o le acid carboxylic. ituaiga o Sate, o le toatele ua soluble i le vai (H2O). Esterified i le di- ma mono. Faatasi ai ma le glycols ituaiga acid geksandiovaya polyesters.

Meatotino a acid adipic

1. vaega tele gao o 146,1 polokalama / mol.

2. Density o 1,36 kalama / mole.

3. solubility faatapulaa i ethanol, ava malosi ma acetone diethyl.

4. Solubility i le vai (H2O) e faapea: i le 15 tikeri - 1,44 g i le 100 g o le vai; 40 tikeri - 5,12 g; i le 70 tikeri - 34,1 g

acid geksadiovoy meatotino vevela

1. O le manatu faaliusuavai e 153 ° C.

2. O le decomposition vevela 210 - 240 ° C.

3. O le manatu pupuna (i 100mm Hg) e 265 ° C.

4. decarboxylation vevela 300-320 ° C.

5. O le enthalpy o combustion o -2800 kJ / mol.

6. faaliusuavai enthalpy o 16,7 kJ / mol.

7. evaporation enthalpy o 18,7 kJ / mol.

Auala e maua ai acid adipic?

I alamanuia na saunia lenei mea moni e le oxidation o cyclohexane lua laasaga. Muamua, o se tuufaatasiga o cyclohexanol ma cyclohexanone, lea e ona ma valavala ai i distillation. Mulimuli ane o loo faaaogaina cyclohexanone e maua caprolactam, ma cyclohexanol oxidized 40-60% HNO3 malosi (acid nitric). Faatasi ai ma lenei auala, fua acid adipic e uiga i le ivasefulu-lima pasene.

O se tasi o auala e folafola mo le tapenaina o acid adipic o butadiene hydrocarbonylation.

O a isi auala e faia ina ia maua acids carboxylic, e pei o adipic? E mafai ona maua foi e cyclohexane oxidizing ma acid nitric (HNO3) i se vevela o + 100-200 ° C, dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) i se vevela o +50 ° C po o le osone (O3).

acid Adipic ua saunia foi e carbonylation o THF (tetrahydrofuran) e pei anhydride acid adipic, o lea e tuuina atu le fesootaiga mea faamoemoega.

O le faaaogaina o acid adipic:

- o le mea o se mea mata (faaaoga e uiga i le iva sefulu pasene o le acid gaosia) i le gaosia o polyhexamethyleneadipamide, ma polyurethanes foi ma ona esters;

- faaaogaina o se faʻaopoopoga meaai (E 355 faamauina i lalo o le numera) e tuuina atu i le oloa o le tofo oona (e aofia ai le tuuina atu o vaiinu suamalie);

- acid Adipic o se vaega autu o le auala ua faamoemoe mo descaling;

- Ua faaaoga e aveese mea na totoe ina ua uma le faatumuina o le sooga i le va o maa o faia o ceramics;

- o le faaaogaina o acids carboxylic e pei o acid adipic, e taua mo le sauniuniga o intermediates gaosi.

I so o se tali vailaau e acid adipic?

1. O lenei lotoa i luga o uiga faaalia ma uʻamea eseese, latou hydroxides ma oxides gauai le tutusa masima faavae.

2. E mafai ona suitulaga acid vaivai mai lona masima.

3. I le afioaga o se acidic acid adipic vaega taua gaoioi ma alcohols. I lenei pepa esters.

4. I luga o faʻavevela ammonium masima o amides adipic acid ua faia.

5. I lalo o le gaoioiga o SOCl2 acid adipic ua liua i le chloride acid tutusa.

Esters o acid Adipic  

1. faaaogaina Metiladipinat mo dimethylsebacate electrochemical tuufaatasia.

2. Dialliladipinat hardener o resin polyester.

3. Ua faaaoga Etiladipinat o se faʻaopoopoga i penisini leaded e faateleina ai lona fuainumera octane.

4. diethyl adipate ua faaaogaina o se plasticizer i le gaosiga o ata tifaga meaai, seevae, PVC, paʻu gaosi, meataalo, linoleum, taofia lē tumau le faʻalo.

5. diisopropyl adipate ua faaaogaina o se vaega o cosmetics mo paʻu.